前天 in Context

(Remark: there are languages like Italian and Polish where the verb form in every person looks different (example; eat in Italian is mangio, mangi, mangia, mangiamo, mangiate, mangiano) and there a those where at least some of the verb forms look the same like German and English (I eat, you eat, he/she/it eats, we eat, you eat, they eat). The former are likely to drop the pronouns since the sense of the sentence is clear without them whereas the latter don't.

English: I eat
German: Ich esse
Italian: Mangio
Polish: Jem

Mandarin is an exception here, although there is no conjugation whatsoever you seem to omit the pronoun very often. It's fascinating that the language is still comprehensible.)

2 Questions here - thanks!

1) 我前天去了国外
Can you help me understand why 外 is after 国 to indicate leaving the country? Since I know this is difference from 外国 which means 'foreign'.

2) 前天早上我放在桌子上的面包不见了

What I am trying to work on is being able to keep be cognizant of the 'phrase' that the 的 is connecting to the subject, or in this case, 面包. I read this as '(I) can't see the bread that I put on the table 2 morning's ago'. Is it correct to see '前天早上我放在桌子上' as the entire phrase that should be connected via the 的？